The term dampness or structural dampness is used in the context of excess water in buildings which, if not addressed, it will promote timber decay, the erosion of masonry and corrosion of metals, this in the long term will cause a structural collapse. Dampness will mobilise any soluble salts in the masonry which will decay the masonry and increases the rate of frost damage. A damp building fabric also reduces thermal efficiency. Dampness inside buildings spoils plasterwork, decorations, clothing, and furniture, and creates the conditions which are uncomfortable and will promote insects, moulds, and viruses, which are harmful to the health of occupants.
Main causes of dampness:
- Condensation
- Penetrating damp
- Escape of water and plumbing leaks
- Rising damp
- Ground or surface water entering a basement
Excess water will carry pollution will also break down the masonry. Simply, nature starts to recycle the damp building.
Water (Know the enemy)
Water is unique as in the earth’s climate; it occurs in three forms:
1. Vapour (which is a not visible).
2. Liquid.
3. Solid (ice, snow).
